In Old and New Spain, guilds were groups of people—of the same profession—united tacitly or explicitly for the defense and promotion of their common interests. Thus, it is not uncommon to see references to the New Spanish ...

This chapter, written by Felipe Castro Gutiérrez, analyzes the trades and officials who played fundamental roles at the Gold and Silver Refining Plant (Asparado de Oro y Plata) during the period from 1776 to 1821 in New ...